Penggunaan
Simple past tense digunakan untuk menyatakan aktifitas atau kejadian yang dimulai pada masa lampau dan berakhir pada saat tertentu di masa lampau juga.
Contoh :
I went to the cinema yesterday.
Saya pergi ke bioskop kemarin
He did not wash his car.
Dia tidak mencuci mobilnya.
I did not see a play yesterday.
Saya tidak melihat drama kemarin.
Last year, I did not travel to Gorontalo.
Tahun lalu, saya tidak bepergian ke Gorontalo.
Did you have dinner last night?
Apakah Anda makan malam tadi malam?
Simple past tense digunakan untuk menggambarkan serangkaian kejadian, aktifitas atau peristiwa di masa lampau.
Contoh :
First I got up, then I had breakfast.
Pertama saya bangun, lalu sarapan.
I finished work, walked to the beach, and found a nice place to swim.
Saya selesai bekerja, berjalan ke pantai, dan menemukan tempat yang bagus untuk berenang.
Simple past tense digunakan untuk membuat keterangan tentang lama durasi suatu peristiwa/aktifitas di masa lampau. Biasanya fungsi ini menyertakan kata-kata seperti for three years, for two minutes, all day, all year dan lain-lain.
Contoh :
They sat at the beach all day.
Mereka duduk di pantai sepanjang hari.
I lived in Surabaya for two years.
Saya tinggal di Surabaya selama dua tahun.
We talked on the phone for twenty minutes.
Kami berbicara di telepon selama dua puluh menit.
Melisa studied Balinese for five years.
Melisa belajar bahasa Bali selama lima tahun.
They did not stay at the party the entire time.
Mereka tidak tinggal di pesta sepanjang waktu.
Simple past tense digunakan untuk menggambarkan kebiasaan di masa lampau. Untuk memperjelas penggambaran tersebut biasanya ditambahkan kata-kata seperti : always, often, usually, never, when I was younger dan lain-lain.
Contoh :
I studied English when I was a child.
Saya belajar bahasa Inggris ketika saya masih kecil.
He played the saxophone.
Dia memainkan saksofon.
She did not play the flute.
Dia tidak memainkan seruling.
Did you play a musical instrument when you were a kid?
Apakah Anda memainkan alat musik ketika Anda masih kecil?
He worked at the post office after school.
Dia bekerja di kantor pos sepulang sekolah.
Simple past tense juga bisa digunakan untuk menggambarkan fakta atau penilaian terhadap sesuatu yang sekarang penilaian tersebut sudah tidak berlaku.
She was shy as a child, but now she is very outgoing.
Dia pemalu saat kecil, tapi sekarang dia sangat pintar bergaul.
He didn’t like tomatoes before.
Dia tidak suka tomat sebelumnya.
Did you live in Yogyakarta when you were a kid?
Apakah Anda tinggal di Yogyakarta ketika Anda masih kecil?
People paid much more to make cell phone calls in the past.
Orang membayar lebih banyak untuk melakukan panggilan telepon seluler di masa lalu.
Kata-kata Penunjuk waktu
| Yesterday | Kemarin |
| Last night | Kemarin malam |
| Last week | Minggu kemarin |
| Last month | Bulan kemarin |
| Last year | Tahun kemarin |
| A month ago | Sebulan yang lalu |
| Two years ago | Dua tahun yang lalu |
| In 2007 | Pada tahun 2007 |
Struktur Simple Past Tense
Kalimat nominal.
| Subject | To be (was/were) | |||
| + | I | was | in my room. | |
| + | We | were | in my room. | |
| + | You | were | in my room. | |
| + | They | were | in my room. | |
| + | He | was | in my room. | |
| + | She | was | in my room. | |
| + | It | was | in my room. | |
| + | Budi | was | in my room. | |
| + | Ani and Wati | were | in my room. | |
| – | I | was | not | in my room. |
| – | We | were | not | in my room. |
| – | You | were | not | in my room. |
| – | They | were | not | in my room. |
| – | He | was | not | in my room. |
| – | She | was | not | in my room. |
| – | It | was | not | in my room. |
| – | Budi | was | not | in my room. |
| – | Ani and Wati | were | not | in my room. |
| ? | was | I | in my room ? | |
| ? | were | We | in my room ? | |
| ? | were | You | in my room ? | |
| ? | were | They | in my room ? | |
| ? | was | He | in my room ? | |
| ? | was | She | in my room ? | |
| ? | was | It | in my room ? | |
| ? | was | Budi | in my room ? | |
| ? | were | Ani and Wati | in my room ? |
Kalimat verbal
| Subject | Auxiliary Verb | Main Verb
(Verb 2) |
|||
| + | I | lived | in Yogyakarta. | ||
| We | played | volleyball. | |||
| You | wrote | a letter. | |||
| They | watched | the game. | |||
| He | gave | her much money. | |||
| She | played | with me. | |||
| It | slept | outside. | |||
| Budi | worked | very hard. | |||
| Ani and Wati | sang | a beautiful song. | |||
| – | I | did | not | live | in Yogyakarta. |
| We | did | not | play | volleyball. | |
| You | did | not | write | a letter. | |
| They | did | not | watch | the game. | |
| He | did | not | give | her much money. | |
| She | did | not | play | with me. | |
| It | did | not | sleep | outside. | |
| Budi | did | not | work | very hard. | |
| Ani and Wati | did | not | sing | a beautiful song. | |
| ? | did | I | live | in Yogyakarta. | |
| did | We | play | volleyball. | ||
| did | You | write | a letter. | ||
| did | They | watch | the game. | ||
| did | He | give | her much money. | ||
| did | She | play | with me. | ||
| did | It | sleep | outside. | ||
| did | Budi | work | very hard. | ||
| did | Ani and Wati | sing | a beautiful song. |
Main Verb (kata kerja utama) dalam kalimat dibawah ini :
- Untuk kalimat nominal, to be was/were digunakan bentuk to be berubah sesuai dengan subjeknya.
- Pada Kalimat verbal :
- Pada regular verbs, akhiran -ed ditambahkan setelah verb 1 (kata kerja).
Untuk kalimat negatif.
- Pada kalimat nominal, not ditambahkan setelah to be “was/were”.
- Pada kelimat verbal :
- Auxiliary verb did setelah subjek kalimat.
- Ditambahkan not antara auxiliary verb did dan Main Verb (kata kerja utama).
Untuk kalimat pertanyaan.
- Pada kalimat nominal, to be “was/were” diletakkan sebelum subjek.
- Pada kalimat verbal, auxiliary verb, ditambahkan did diletakkan sebelum subjek.
Kata kerja khusus dalam simple past tense
be sebagai full verb.
| I, He, She, It | |
| + | I was in Yogyakarta |
| + | He was in Yogyakarta |
| + | She was in Yogyakarta |
| – | I was not in Yogyakarta |
| – | He was not Yogyakarta |
| – | She was not Yogyakarta |
| ? | Was I in Yogyakarta ? |
| ? | Was he in Yogyakarta ? |
| ? | Was she in Yogyakarta ? |
| We, You, They | |
| + | We were in Yogyakarta. |
| + | You were in Yogyakarta |
| + | They were in Yogyakarta |
| – | We were not in Yogyakarta |
| – | You were not Yogyakarta |
| – | They were not Yogyakarta |
| ? | Were we in Yogyakarta ? |
| ? | Were you in Yogyakarta ? |
| ? | Were they in Yogyakarta ? |
do sebagai full verb.
| I, We, You, They, He, She, It | |
| + | I did an exercise. |
| + | We did an exercise. |
| + | You did an exercise. |
| + | They did an exercise. |
| + | He did an exercise. |
| + | She did an exercise. |
| + | It did an exercise. |
| – | I did not do an exercise. |
| – | We did not do an exercise. |
| – | You did not do an exercise. |
| – | They did not do an exercise. |
| – | He did not do an exercise. |
| – | She did not do an exercise. |
| – | It did not do an exercise. |
| ? | Did I do an exercise ? |
| ? | Did we do an exercise ? |
| ? | Did you do an exercise ? |
| ? | Did they do an exercise ? |
| ? | Did he do an exercise ? |
| ? | Did she do an exercise ? |
| ? | Did it do an exercise ? |
have sebagai full verb.
| I, We, You, They, He, She, It | |
| + | I had a camera. |
| + | We had a camera. |
| + | You had a camera. |
| + | They had a camera. |
| + | He had a camera. |
| + | She had a camera. |
| + | It had a camera. |
| – | I had not a camera. |
| – | I had not a camera. |
| – | I had not a camera. |
| – | I had not a camera. |
| – | I had not a camera. |
| – | I had not a camera. |
| – | I had not a camera. |
| ? | Did I have a camera ? |
| ? | Did we have a camera ? |
| ? | Did you have a camera ? |
| ? | Did they have a camera ? |
| ? | Did he have a camera ? |
| ? | Did she have a camera ? |
| ? | Did it have a camera ? |
Kesalahan yang biasanya terjadi dalam Simple Past Tense
I was work in Japan. (salah)
I worked in Japan. (benar)
Keterangan : Kata kerja bantu seperti was atau did tidak digunakan dalam kalimat positif.
She worked in Japan ? (salah)
Did she work in Japan ? (benar)
Keterangan : Dalam simple past tense, untuk membentuk kalimat pertanyaan menggunakan kata kerja bantu did.
Demikian penjelasan lengkap tentang Simple Past Tense, Semoga bermanfaat.